The Islamic Ethical Leadership and Employees’ Ethical Behavior: The Moderating Role of Ethical Sensitivity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v23i3.2421Keywords:
Islamic Ethical Leadership, Ethical Behavior, Ethics Sensitivity.Abstract
Previous literatures have described the influence of ethical leadership on employees’ outcomes. However, many researchers have not yet revealed the mechanism of this effect. Previous research has found that cultural and social factors influence leader-ship styles; therefore, studying ethical leadership styles in different cultural and social environments is important in order to uncover the effectiveness of ethical leadership styles. The purpose of this study was to examine how the mechanism of Islamic ethical leadership influences the behavior of professional nurses who work at the Islamic Hos-pital. There were 212 professional nurses used as the respondents in this study. The data were collected using questionnaires and processed quantitatively using Struc-tural Equation Model (SEM) - WarpPLS 5.0. The results showed that all the hypoth-eses proposed were accepted. Islamic ethical leadership is proven to have a significant influence on ethical behavior of nurses. Besides, ethical sensitivity is proven to have a significant positive effect on ethical behavior. This study also proves that ethical sensitivity moderates the influence of Islamic ethical leadership on nurses' ethical be-havior. It can be implied that ethical sensitivity is an important factor for developing employees’ ethical behavior in the workplace.References
Al Halbusi, H., Williams, K. A., Mansoor, H. O., Hassan, M. S., & Hamid, F. A. H. (2020). Examining the impact of ethical leadership and organizational justice on employees’ ethical behavior: Does person–organization fit play a role? Ethics and Behavior, 30(7), 514–532.
Bedarkar, M. & Pandita, D. (2014). A study on the drivers of employee engagement impacting employee performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 133, 106-115.
Beekun, R. I. (2012). Character centered leadership: Muhammad (p) as an ethical role model for CEOs. Journal of Management Development, 31(10), 1003–1020.
Bonner, J. M., Greenbaum, R. L., & Mayer, D. M. (2016). My Boss is Morally Disengaged: The Role of Ethical Leadership in Explaining the Interactive Effect of Supervisor and Employee Moral Disengagement on Employee Behaviors. Journal of Business Ethics, 137(4), 731–742.
Borhani, F., Abbaszadeh, A., & Mohsenpour, M. (2013). Nursing Students' Understanding of Factors Influencing Ethical Sensitivity: A Qualitative Study. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 18(4), 310-315.
Brown, M. E., & Mitchell, M. S. (2010). Exploring New Avenues for Future Research. Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(4), 583–616.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616. 4
Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117–134.
Budiarto, S. (2015). Peran kepemimpinan profetik dalam kepemimpinan nasional. February, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4786.8248
Budiono, I., Hamidah, H., & Yasin, M. (2019). The Effect of Prophetic Leadership, Organizational Culture on Employee Engagement At sufism-based Islamic Boarding School. Journal of International Conference Proceedings, 2(3), 99–106.
Commer, P. J., Sci, S., & Masih Khokhar, A. (2017). Linking Ethical Leadership to Employees’ Performance: Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 11(1), 222–251.
Copeland, M. K. (2014). The Emerging Significance of Values Based Leadership: A Literature Review. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(2), 105–135.
Demirtas, O., Hannah, S. T., Gok, K., Arslan, A., & Capar, N. (2017). The Moderated Influence of Ethical Leadership, Via Meaningful Work, on Followers’ Engagement, Organizational Identification, and Envy. Journal of Business Ethics, 145(1), 183–199.
Dhar, R. L. (2016). Ethical leadership and its impact on service innovative behavior: The role of LMX and job autonomy. Tourism Management, 57, 139-148.
Esmaelzadeh, F., Abbaszadeh, A., Borhani, F., & Peyrovi, H. (2017). Ethical Sensitivity in Nursing Ethical Leadership: A Content Analysis of Iranian Nurses Experiences. The Open Nursing Journal, 11(1), 1–13.
Farooq, M. & Rabie, O. (2016). How and When Does Ethical Leaders Institutionalize its Followers. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016(1), 17162.
Garson, G. D. (2016). Partial Least Squares: Regression and Structural Equation Models. Statistical Publishing Associates
Gok, K., Sumanth, J. J., Bommer, W. H., Demirtas, O., Arslan, A., Eberhard, J., Ozdemir, A. I., & Yigit, A. (2017). You May Not Reap What You Sow: How Employees’ Moral Awareness Minimizes Ethical Leadership’s Positive Impact on Workplace Deviance. Journal of Business Ethics, 146(2), 257–277.
Gumusay, A. A. (2019). Embracing Religions in Moral Theories of Leadership. Academy of Management Perspectives, 33(3), 292–306.
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121.
Hassan, S., Wright, B. E., & Yukl, G. (2014). Does ethical leadership matter in government? Effects on organizational commitment, absenteeism, and willingness to report ethical problems. Public Administration Review, 74(3), 333-343.
ICW (2010). Survei ICW 2010: Pelayanan Rumah Sakit di Jakarta, Tidak Pro Orang Miskin. Diakses pada 11 Maret 2020 di https://www.antikorupsi.org/id/article/survei-icw-2010-pelayanan-rumah-sakit-di-jakarta-tidak-pro-orang-miskin.
Kang, S. W. (2019). Sustainable influence of ethical leadership on work performance: Empirical study of multinational enterprise in South Korea. Sustainability, 11(11), 3101
Lützén, K., Dahlqvist, V., Eriksson, S., & Norberg, A. (2006). Developing the concept of moral sensitivity in health care practice. Nursing Ethics, 13(2), 187–196.
Mayer, D. M., Kuenzi, M., Greenbaum, R., Bardes, M., & Salvador, R. (Bombie). (2009). How low does ethical leadership flow? Test of a trickle-down model. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108(1), 1–13.
Mayer, D. M., Kuenzi, M., & Greenbaum, R. L. (2010). Examining the link between ethical leadership and employee misconduct: The mediating role of ethical climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(1), 7-16.
Milliken, A., Ludlow, L., DeSanto-Madeya, S., & Grace, P. (2018). The development and psychometric validation of the Ethical Awareness Scale. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(8), 2005–2016.
Mol, E. A. (2011). The Values-Based Organisation: How Ethical Leadership Affects Work-Related Outcomes. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
Muhammad, N. M. N. (2015). Prophetic Leadership Model: Conceptualizing a Prophet’s Leadership Behaviour,Leader-Follower Mutuality and Altruism to Decision Making Quality. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(1), 93–106.
Nurrizka, R. H., & Saputra, W. (2011). Pengukuran indeks kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan, 14(01), 11-19.
Özsungur, F. (2019). The impact of ethical leadership on service innovation behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 73-88
Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2020). Fundamentals of Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Rabie, M. O. & Abdul Malek, M. (2020). Ethical Leadership and Employee Ethical Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Mechanisms. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 3(2), 73–88.
Rahim, M. A., Nawi, N. M. M., Bakar, N. A., & Daud, W. N. W. (2019). The implementation of islamic leadership attributes in Malaysian shariah compliant investment organizations: A case study. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 7(10), 76–101.
Rahman, Z. A. & Shah, I. M. (2015). Measuring Islamic Spiritual Intelligence. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31(15), 134–139.
Solinger, O. N., Jansen, P. G. W., & Cornelissen, J. P. (2020). The emergence of moral leadership. Academy of Management Review, 45(3), 504–527.
Sukkar, A. (2018). Culture Influences and Leadership Theories, a Case Study: Egyptian Culture. October 2017, 2–5.
Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston: California State University
Treviño, L. K., Weaver, G. R., & Reynolds, S. J. (2006). Behavioral ethics in organizations: A review. Journal of Management (Vol. 32, Issue 6).
Treviño, L. K., & Brown, M. E. (2005). The role of leaders in influencing unethical behavior in the workplace. Managing Organizational Deviance, 69-87.
YeÅŸiltaÅŸ, M. & Tuna, M. (2018). The effect of ethical leadership on service sabotage. The Service Industries Journal, 38(15-16), 1133-1159.
Zhang, N., Li, M., Gong, Z., & Xu, D. (2019). Effects of ethical leadership on nurses’ service behaviors. Nursing Ethics, 26(6), 1861–1872.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Emma Yulianti, Margono Setiawan, Surachman Surachman, Dodi Wirawan Irawanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.